![]() Storage is the creation of a permanent record of information. Our brains take the encoded information and place it in storage. Once the information has been encoded, we have to somehow retain it. Could semantic encoding be beneficial to you as you attempt to memorize the concepts in this chapter? * Storage The self-reference effect is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance (Rogers, Kuiper & Kirker, 1977). Craik and Tulving concluded that we process verbal information best through semantic encoding, especially if we apply what is called the self-reference effect. Semantic encoding involves a deeper level of processing than the shallower visual or acoustic encoding. Words that had been encoded semantically were better remembered than those encoded visually or acoustically. Material is far better encoded when you make it meaningful. You can see that the sentences are now much more memorable because each of the sentences was placed in context. Next count backwards from 40 by fours, then check yourself to see how well you recalled the sentences this time. Now, try writing them again, using the following prompts: bagpipe, ship christening, and parachutist. How well did you do? By themselves, the statements that you wrote down were most likely confusing and difficult for you to recall.
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